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| Section2 = }} α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is an ''n''−3 fatty acid, it is one of two essential fatty acids (EFAs), so called because they are necessary for health, and they cannot be produced within the human body. They must be acquired through diet. ALA is an omega-3 fatty acid found in seeds (chia, flaxseed, see also table below), nuts (notably walnuts), and many common vegetable oils. In terms of its structure, it is named ''all''-''cis''-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid. In physiological literature, it is listed by its lipid number, 18:3, and (''n''−3); its isomer GLA is 18:3 (''n''−6). α-Linolenic acid is a carboxylic acid with an 18-carbon chain and three ''cis'' double bonds. The first double bond is located at the third carbon from the methyl end of the fatty acid chain, known as the ''n'' end. Thus, α-linolenic acid is a polyunsaturated ''n''−3 (omega-3) fatty acid. It is an isomer of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated ''n''−6 (omega-6) fatty acid. ==History== α-Linolenic acid was first isolated by Rollett as cited in J. W. McCutcheon's synthesis in 1942, and referred to in Green and Hilditch's 1930s survey. It was first artificially synthesized in 1995 from C6 homologating agents. A Wittig reaction of the phosphonium salt of ()triphenylphosphonium bromide with methyl 9-oxononanoate, followed by saponification, completed the synthesis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alpha-Linolenic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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